Leishmaniasis is transmitted by which of the following?

Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the sand fly, a small insect belonging to the Phlebotomus genus in the Old World and the Lutzomyia genus in the New World. These flies act as vectors for the Leishmania parasites, which cause the disease. When an infected female sand fly bites a human or animal, the parasite is introduced into the bloodstream, leading to infection. Understanding the transmission route is crucial for prevention, as controlling sand fly populations and minimizing bites can significantly reduce the incidence of leishmaniasis in endemic areas.

The other vectors listed in the choices do not transmit leishmaniasis. The body louse is associated with diseases like typhus, rat fleas typically transmit the bubonic plague, and the Aedes mosquito is a vector for diseases such as dengue fever, Zika virus, and chikungunya but not leishmaniasis.